Slave trade ship, shows the terrible conditions Africans had to face
The Atlantic Slave Trade MI: The Portuguese colonization spread down to Africa where they set up ports and factories the contributed to the blooming trade with the Americas.
Factories: areas where merchants live of forts and trading posts; example El Mina(1482) – main gold production region of the forest zone
during the time forts where given rulers where they have enforce power to decrease the amount of raids
The Portuguese gain goods from the Africans such as ivory, pepper, animal skins, gold, and slaves and in return the Portuguese would give the Africans goods
Main ports such as El Mina and Accra had routes that traded directly with gold where it led to the interactions with the merchants from Mali and Songhay
However trading with the Portuguese and Africans was not always a friendly relation; African small states found them suspicious
Nzinga Mvemba: Kongo ruler and Portuguese advisers and missionaries work together to convert the whole kingdom to Christianity ; although the relations cause Mvemba work to try and end slave trade => partially successful
With the increase of Portuguese soldiers and traders on African land, Africans began to incorporate them into their ideals on the spiritual world => Portuguese soldiers appearing in statues
Luanda: Portuguese factory created off of the Cape of Good Hope where it became the basis for the Portuguese colony of Angola
Around the coast Africa, ports where forming where gold trade was increasing as well as missionary work;
major products of trade: gold, pepper, slave
slaves were used by the Portuguese and Spanish to develop sugar plantations in the Americas
Trend Toward Expansion MI: The constant trade of Slave trade created a cycle where people was focused on the idea of slave mortality.
However fertility from the slaves were low because when slaves are imported usually the percent of men were higher compared to women
to keep the population of slaves high there was a demand for constant imports of slaves
slave trade change the concentration of the population
because of slave trade it also cause wars between Dahomey and Benin
Demographic Patterns MI: The difference between trans-Saharan slave trade and the Atlantic slave trade was the demographic patterns taken place.
Trans-Saharan: consists of women were they are used as concubines and servants where as Atlantic slave trade consist of men to work as planters and mine owners
Atlantic slave trade created an impact of new plantations and crops that help recovered from losses to the slave trade
Organization of the Trade MI: Slave trade became so important to the economy of the Europeans where slaves was profitable to create a more prospering economy.
Companies were excited for the use of slaves to create a growing colonies such as Royal African Company
Europeans were creating merchant towns or trade forts with slaves they take
Indies pieces: was a system created by a Spaniard that children and women were priced at fraction of the value
slaves became such a monopoly over trade rules and restrictions had to be made
triangular trade - America – Europe : sugar, tobacco and other goods Europe, America, African created this triangle of trade
slave trade from Africa created this connection to the rest of the world of this complex economyAfrican Societies, Slavery, and the Slave TradeMI: Europeans justify the idea of slave trade, because the people in Africa was already partaking in enslaving their own.
African society: slaves were consider a form servants to work as servants concubines, soldiers, administrators, field workers ; slaves were use to pay tribute; slaves was a extension for the family system ; used for mining and salt production
slaves was so commonly use in African societies it was those to believe the excess amount of women lead to polygamy
slavery not saw as a wrong doing towards Muslims
Slaving and African Politics
MI: African societies expansion cause constant wars within the continent that encourage the importance of military and power.
Between 1500 & 1750 Europe was taking over Sub-Saharan Africa that cause a period of instability; constant competition
African politics => increase of slavery
presence of Europeans change the way of ruling where larger states would take over smaller states for gold
with the rising fear of African states being able to take over Europe, Europe sent European goods over to Africa to expand their influence
Asante and Dahomey
MI: As bad as slave trade sounds, it did have good results on some of the the areas in West Africa such as Empire Asante and Kingdom Dahomey.
Empire Asante: rose during the period of slave trade. Originated from the members of Akan people who settle on gold and kola nut areas. Contains 20 small states based on clans
Osei Tutu vigorous ruler who took title asantehene who created the supreme civil and religious leader
because of the ruler he change the ruling and united the clans
Kingdom of Dahomey: Originated from the members of Fon people; ruled by king that have powerful advisers; as the kingdom expansion towards the coast the kingdom attracted European traders
Expansion cause the decrease of royal families and customs of the areas
slave trade changed the power of ruling; kings & advisers → divine authority
arts of African societies: bronze castings, woodcarving, and weaving; artisans guilds are being established; architecture art increasing
Europeans have come to accepted African arts where it help influences some increase throughout Renaissance Europe
East Africa and the Sudan
MI: When West Africa was prospering from trade with the Europeans, Eastern Africa gain most of its influence from the Muslim trade.
Eastern Europe was at constant trade with the Muslims and Ottomans
slaves in the Middle East was use as harems and households
areas around the coast had a growing population of Slavery for plantations and mining
Luo people was resulted from the created of related dynasties; did exercise some about of power
Islamization was spreading and it began a violent stage connected to growth of Slavery
Movement of religious leaders of the Subi created an impact of the Fublani, a pastoral people
Expansion of the area was going strong because of the Islamization where they were trying to eliminate pagan practices and an increase of pagan practices
slaves increase along with trade route increase
White Settlers and Africans MI: Along the south coast of Africa, the people there was little affected by the slave trade going on, on the rest of the continent.
the people at the time was occupied by Bushmen, Khoikhoi people where they where hunting and gathering type of people around the 3rd century
the people where thought to have been migrated from the fertile land
by 16th century ,the spoke Bantu; the people occupied most of Southern Africa
The Atlantic Slave Trade
MI: The Portuguese colonization spread down to Africa where they set up ports and factories the contributed to the blooming trade with the Americas.
Trend Toward Expansion
MI: The constant trade of Slave trade created a cycle where people was focused on the idea of slave mortality.
- However fertility from the slaves were low because when slaves are imported usually the percent of men were higher compared to women
- to keep the population of slaves high there was a demand for constant imports of slaves
- slave trade change the concentration of the population
- because of slave trade it also cause wars between Dahomey and Benin
Demographic PatternsMI: The difference between trans-Saharan slave trade and the Atlantic slave trade was the demographic patterns taken place.
- Trans-Saharan: consists of women were they are used as concubines and servants where as Atlantic slave trade consist of men to work as planters and mine owners
- Atlantic slave trade created an impact of new plantations and crops that help recovered from losses to the slave trade
Organization of the TradeMI: Slave trade became so important to the economy of the Europeans where slaves was profitable to create a more prospering economy.
America – Europe : sugar, tobacco and other goods Europe, America, African created this triangle of trade
Slaving and African Politics
- MI: African societies expansion cause constant wars within the continent that encourage the importance of military and power.
- Between 1500 & 1750 Europe was taking over Sub-Saharan Africa that cause a period of instability; constant competition
- African politics => increase of slavery
- presence of Europeans change the way of ruling where larger states would take over smaller states for gold
- with the rising fear of African states being able to take over Europe, Europe sent European goods over to Africa to expand their influence
Asante and Dahomey- MI: As bad as slave trade sounds, it did have good results on some of the the areas in West Africa such as Empire Asante and Kingdom Dahomey.
- Empire Asante: rose during the period of slave trade. Originated from the members of Akan people who settle on gold and kola nut areas. Contains 20 small states based on clans
- Osei Tutu vigorous ruler who took title asantehene who created the supreme civil and religious leader
- because of the ruler he change the ruling and united the clans
- Kingdom of Dahomey: Originated from the members of Fon people; ruled by king that have powerful advisers; as the kingdom expansion towards the coast the kingdom attracted European traders
- Expansion cause the decrease of royal families and customs of the areas
- slave trade changed the power of ruling; kings & advisers → divine authority
- arts of African societies: bronze castings, woodcarving, and weaving; artisans guilds are being established; architecture art increasing
- Europeans have come to accepted African arts where it help influences some increase throughout Renaissance Europe
East Africa and the Sudan- MI: When West Africa was prospering from trade with the Europeans, Eastern Africa gain most of its influence from the Muslim trade.
- Eastern Europe was at constant trade with the Muslims and Ottomans
- slaves in the Middle East was use as harems and households
- areas around the coast had a growing population of Slavery for plantations and mining
- Luo people was resulted from the created of related dynasties; did exercise some about of power
- Islamization was spreading and it began a violent stage connected to growth of Slavery
- Movement of religious leaders of the Subi created an impact of the Fublani, a pastoral people
- Expansion of the area was going strong because of the Islamization where they were trying to eliminate pagan practices and an increase of pagan practices
- slaves increase along with trade route increase
White Settlers and AfricansMI: Along the south coast of Africa, the people there was little affected by the slave trade going on, on the rest of the continent.